by Peter Roper

In 1948 the Library of Congress in Washington DC acquired the private papers including maps, diaries and letters of a topographi¬cal engineer in the Confederate States Army, Major Jedediah Hotchkiss. The collection includes 600 maps (340 in manuscript) dealing essentially with Virginia and West Virginia between 1861 and 1865. Here, Peter Roper tells the story of the acquisition of the collection and of its original owner who has been described as 'one of America's foremost cartographers. Some recent events make this account of Hotchkiss and his maps very topical. From December 5, 1988 to May 21, 1989 the Library of Congress exhibited sixty maps from its collection of 2,317 cartographic items pertaining to the Civil War. Among those representing Confederate mapping were four items from the Hotchkiss Collection including the large map of the Shenandoah Valley. In conjunction with this exhibition, the Library of Congress pub¬lished a second, and much enlarged, edition of Civil War Maps: an annotated List of Maps and Atlases in the Library of Congress, compiled by Richard W. Stephenson.

by Martin Murray

Collecting cigarette cards showing maps is growing in popularity. They tend to be colourful and al/ractive and only need a small storage space. Here, Martin Murray, who is Managing Director of Murray Cards International and an expert on the subject talks about the history of these cards.

by Heather Lawrence

WHEN JAMES VI of Scotland rode to London in 1603 he inherited not only the crown of England, but also Elizabeth's considerable debts. His life style was extravagant and he had a Queen and family to support in regal splendour. It was soon apparent that he could not live within his income. Funds must be raised from the land.

by David Smith

GEORGE FREDERICK CRUCHLEY learned his trade as an apprentice with the Arrowsmith firm and after setting up in business for himself in 1823 proudly advertised himself as 'From Arrowsmith's'. In due course he was to reissue some of Arrowsmith's maps. His first premises were at 349 Oxford Street, London, where the Post Office London Directory recorded him as an 'Engraver, Etc.' In 1825 he moved to 38 Ludgate Street as a ‘Mapseller & Publisher, Engraver & Printer', and in 1833 he transferred to 81 Fleet Street which was to remain his premises until his business was wound up in 1877. Cruchley died three and a half years later in 1880, aged 84, at his home in the Grand Parade, Brighton. 

By Elizabeth M. Rodger

In my earlier list the limitations I set were to include only printed county maps issued separately up to 1850 on a scale between half an inch and three inches to one mile, together with maps of significant parts of counties. Atlas maps were only included where they were also issued separately before being included in an atlas. Maps of a smaller scale than three quarters of an inch to a mile were not included after 1800. All road, railway and canal maps were excluded, likewise charts of rivers and coasts. No attempt was made to document editions of Ordnance Survey maps, other than to give the date of survey and publication of the one-inch map for purposes of comparison.

by Katherine R. Goodwin

The Pocket Map Collection al the Cartographic History Library al the University of Texas at Arlington Libraries, Arlington, Texas, USA, is the subject of this article by Katherine Goodwin who is the Research Associate for the Special Collections Division of the UT A Libraries. She explains why these maps, produced in the nineteenth century for immigrants crossing the Trans¬Mississippi West, present so many possibilities for research showing, as they do, tine and space, geography and history, migration, frontier movement, Indian policy, and even boundary movements and settlement patterns. An annotated bibliography of the maps is available.

by Francis Herbert

This cartographical curiosity is an example of 'the most widely known of all the caricatures directed against Napoleon.' The explanation beneath the caricature - known variously as the 'Corpse Head', 'Hieroglyphic Head', or 'Hierog­lyphic Portrait' - has already been adequately translated into English:-

by Peter Barber

From the time when it was first mentioned as being in Hereford Cathedral in 1682, until a relatively short time ago, the Hereford Mappa Mundi was almost entirely the preserve of antiquaries, clergymen with an interest in the middle ages and some historians of cartography. [1] Much of their published work, particularly the detailed studies of the map and its more obvious sources by Bevan and Phillott published in 1873 and by Konrad Miller some twenty years later, together with the facsimiles that were produced from the 1860s, has proved to be of lasting value. Nevertheless, it placed a somewhat misleading emphasis on the map's geographical 'inaccuracies', its depiction of fabulous creatures and supposedly religious purpose, all clothed in what for the layman must have seemed an air of wildly esoteric learning and near-impenetrable medieval mystery. Casual visi¬tors to the dark aisle where it hung could see only a dark, dirty image which they were encouraged to view in a pious, but also rather condescending manner.

by Mary Pedley

Mary Pedley is at the William L. Clements Library of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, Michigan and has an interest in eighteenth century French cartography and cartog¬raphers. In this article, she explains how a recent acquisition by the Newberry Library in Chicago sheds some light on one of the first provincial surveys to be proposed in France in the early part of the eighteenth century.

By David Icenogle

During the decade 1870’s a continual stream of American tourists. including such literary and political luminar­ies as Mark Twain. William T. Sherman. and Ulysses S. Grant. passed through Egypt. taking in the sights from Abu Simbel to Alexandria. In fact. the number of American tourists during that period was exceeded only by the British. One group of Americans, however, came to Egypt to live and to work. These were the members of what may be called the first American Military Mission to Egypt, led by a disgraced and discredited former officer of the Union army, General Charles P. Stone.